6. Słówka

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aquifer
Wells supplied with pumps can extract water from the aquifer.
noun - is an underground layer of permeable rock, sediment, or soil that holds and transmits groundwater, functioning as a natural reservoir.
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warstwa wodonośna
clay
a layer of clay hidden beneath a layer of lighter top soil.
noun - thick, heavy soil that is soft when wet, and hard when dry or baked, used for making bricks and containers.
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glina
silt*
noun - sand and clay that has been carried along by a river and is left on land.
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muł*
gravel
Gravel for the garden path.
noun - small pieces of stone used to make paths and road surfaces.
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żwir
cobble / cobblestone
A rounded stone formerly used in paving streets.
noun - a rounded stone used on the surface of an old-fashioned road.
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kamień / bruk
peat*
noun - is a problematic, highly compressible, low-strength organic soil formed from decomposed plant matter in waterlogged conditions.
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torf
trench / excavation
noun - is the essential process of removing soil, rock, and other materials from the ground to create spaces for constructing buildings, roads, utilities, and other infrastructure.
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wykop, rów / wykop
embankment
A railway embankment.
noun - is a raised structure or mound of compacted earth or other materials used to create a stable, elevated platform for roads, railways, and other infrastructure, or to hold back water to prevent flooding.
öğrenmeye başla
wał, nasyp
ditch
noun - a long, narrow hole in the ground next to a road or field, which water can flow through.
öğrenmeye başla
rów, kanał
backfill
verb - 1. Dig a large hole for the plant, then backfill with soil and compost. 2. Finally, backfill the trench. / noun - some of the fluorite produced from the lead mines was used as backfill underground.
verb - to fill a hole created by digging or drilling, especially using some of the material that has been taken out. / noun - is the material, such as soil, gravel etc., used to refill an excavated area after a foundation or trench has been constructed.
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zasypywać / zasypka
foundation
Concrete foundations.
noun - the part of a building, road, bridge, etc that is under the ground and supports it.
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fundament
substructure
The explosion damaged the bridge, but the substructure remained intact.
noun - is the part of a structure that lies below ground level, serving as the critical foundation to transfer the building's loads to the supporting soil.
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podbudowa, podwalina
lean concrete*
noun - is a low-strength mix with a high aggregate-to-cement ratio, typically containing less than 10% cement by weight.
öğrenmeye başla
chudy beton
trench shoring*
noun - is the temporary installation of structural supports to reinforce the walls of an excavated trench, preventing them from collapsing and ensuring the safety of workers and surrounding structures.
öğrenmeye başla
szalowanie wykopów
plate compactor*
noun - is a machine with a vibrating steel plate that uses centrifugal force to densify loose materials like soil, sand, gravel, and asphalt by reducing air pockets and creating a more stable, and strong foundation.
öğrenmeye başla
zagęszczarka płytowa*

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