C1 eng span 3

estar soltero, separado, viudo

takes estar

estar v ser casado

the same but to say con quien it needs estar

es espantoso

it is scary

estar v ser for physical defect

ser for permanent and estar temporary or figurative

esta petado

its packed full (people)

me piré

i pissed off

cuando la toma, la toma

when she makes a decision its made

dejas de vacilarme

stop messing with me

vamos a dar una vuelta

Let's walk around. Let's go for a stroll.

una almohada

pillow

la panza

tummy

un temazo

a great song

la barriga

belly

el pulgar

thumb

reponerme

get over

subyacente

underlying

esta todavia en vias de

its still in the process of

leer entre lineas

Read between the lines

te pillo bien

is this a good time

gracia por quedar conmigo

thanks for meeting with me

brida mongolica

monolid

pliegue del epicanto

wrinkle in eyelid

globo ocular

eyeball

embelesar

to enchant

estoy de camino

I'm on my way

chinches apestosos

bed bugs

cartelera

movie screenings

que se enfrie

while its hot

subitulados

with subtitles

tacano

cheap; stingy

parte delantera

the front

ponerle cara

put a face to a name

lo opuesto

the opposite

es un detalle

it's nice of her

hormigeo

tingling nerves

me dio un golpe

I got hit

rompecabezas

puzzle

dar el protagonismo

makes the protagonist

posiblemente + es/sea

takes es to highlight the increased likelihood

takes sea to underline uncertainty

takes sea to underline uncertainty

ser testigo de/estar como testigos

to be witness

estar oscuro/lleno de luz

how the light is (takes estar)

imperfect

- doesnt indicate exact time it took place

- tells us the meaning or description

- tells us the meaning or description

se admiten sugerencias

taking suggestions

sobresaliente

outstanding, brilliant

resaltados

highlighted

ser victima de

to be a victim of

estar en cuclillas

to be squatting

estar agachado

to be crouched down

estar apoyado

to be leaning

estar obligado a hacer algo

to be obliged to do something (takes estar)

hecho al oleo

oil painting

estar v ser pintado

estar pintado = focus is on the act/result of the object

ser pintado = focus is on the person who did the painting

be painted = focus is on the person who did the painting

estar v ser guapo

estar = personal perception or temporary

ser = always is

to be = always is

ser v estar for characteristics

ser inherent traits and tendencies - es pesado how he always or often is

estar if it breaks from this - estar pesado today he is in an annoying mood

estar if it breaks from this - estar heavy today he is in an annoying mood

hacer hincapie

to emphasize

estar descalzo

to be barefoot

estar resfriado

to have a cold

estar cautivado

to be captivated

es tuerto

one-eyed

es un loco

hes crazy (or estar loco)

ser manca

one handed

when is ser used to locate something

ser used to locate abstract things - events, classes, football match

ser cojo

to have a limp

estar de profesora v ser profesora

- estar could be more temporary

- estar also used to highlight where the work is

- estar also used to highlight where the work is

puntualizar

to specify; to detail

avaricia

greed

entrega

delivery

tacaniera

stinginess

presumidad

cockiness

apatilla

apatheticness

austeridad

austerity

frivolidad

frivolousness

sensatez

good sense

minuciosidad

meticulousness

impulsividad

impulsiveness

fortaleza

strength

llevar a cabo/realizar

to carry out

brusquedad

brusqueness

tacaño

stingy

austero

austere in personality and finances

apatico

apathetic

fuerte

strong, not sensitive

debil

weak, fragile

frivolo

frivolous, superficial

minucioso

meticulous

delicada

sensitive

sensible

sensitive, caring

brusco

tactless

brazalete

arm band

tener facilidad de palabra

to have a way with words

estar de luto

to be in mourning

un entierro

burial, funeral

ronca

hoarse, snore

no pongas obstaculos

dont create issues

ser aficionado

to be a fan of

dejarse llevar

go with the flow, get carried away

tomar buenas decisiones

to make good decisions

decir las cosas a la cara

to say things directly

flechas

arrows

coronilla

crown of head

estar hasta las narices

to be sick of

oido

sound

vista

sight

tacto

touch

gusto

taste

palpar

to feel, to palpate

olfato

smell

tocar en exceso

touch a lot

un gorro

knit hat

una gorra

cap

una trenza

plait

perilla

goatee

coletero

hair tie

horquilla

hairpin

labo superior/inferior

upper lip, bottom lip

lobulo

ear lobe

guiñar

to wink

parpadear

to blink

trastorno

disorder, disruption

frutos secos

nuts and dried fruit

un suceso

event, happening

salado

salty

soso

bland; dull

empenarse

to insist on, be determined to

tipos de pelo

rizado (curly), liso (straight) lacio (dead straight)

flequillo (fringe) a capas (layered), de punta (spikey), melena corta (short/mid length) melena larga (long hair), calvo (bald) degradado (gradient sides)

fringe, layered, spikey, short/mid length, long hair, bald, gradient sides

teñido (dyed) lleva mechas (she has highlights)

dyed (she has highlights)

pelirojo (redhead) castano oscuro/claro (dark light brown) pelo de entradas (receding hairline)

redhead, dark/light brown, receding hairline

tomarse el pelo de

to tease someone

no tener pelos en la lengua

to be very outspoken

burlarse de alguien

to make fun of someone

no tener filtro

to speak without thinking

meter mano a la caja

to steal

meterse mano

to be handsy

ser un caradura

be shameless, have a lot of nerve

reprochar

reproach, blame

presumido

smug, conceited

to be suspicious

tener la mosca detras de la oreja

echar en cara

to throw in one's face, to rub it in

body parts

parpado (eyelid) pestanas (eyelashes)

la barbilla (chin)

the chin

los pomulos (cheek bones)

the cheekbones

el tobillo (ankle)

the ankle

talon (heel)

heel

muneca (wrist)

wrist

codo (elbow)

elbow

pecho (chest)

chest

cintura (waist)

waist

cadera (hips) el pelvis

hip (hips) the pelvis

dorso (back) torso (torso)

back (back) torso (torso)

which situations take estar

- gerundio

- result of a process/variable and dont define an object

- result of a process/variable and dont define an object

- to situate ourselves in time always takes plural (ie estamos en marzo, estamos a miercoles)

- to situate ourselves in time always takes plural (i.e. it's March, it's Wednesday)

- indicate where something is physically

- indicate where something is physically

- indicate size of a group when missing some (ie somos una clase de veinte pero hoy somos quince)

- indicate size of a group when missing some (i.e. we are a class of twenty but today we are fifteen)

which situations take ser

- infinitives

- inherent qualities

- inherent qualities

- time/day season

- time/day season

- place where an event always takes place

- place where an event always takes place

- quantity in total or price

- quantity in total or price

verbos para descripciones

llevar - wear something changeable/time spent

tener - permanent feature

have - permanent feature

ser - permanent description

ser - permanent description

estar - more temporary

to be - more temporary

sombreros

boina (beret)

panuelo (scarf)

scarf

gorro (cap)

cap

tipos de nariz

afilada (narrow and straight)

aguileña(roman nose)

aquiline (Roman nose)

respingona (upturned nose)

upturned nose

ancha (wide)

wide

chata (flat nose)

flat nose

recta (straight)

straight

puntagiaguda (pointed)

pointed

bulbosa (bulbous)

bulbous (bulbous)

tipos de piel

moreno (dark)

palida (pale)

pale

bronceado (tanned)

tanned

tipos de labios

labios gruesos (big lips)

labios finos (thin lips)

thin lips

maneras de llevar el pelo

coleta (ponytail)

raya (parting) la raya a un lado (side part) la raya en medio (middle part)

parting (side part) the parting on one side (middle part)

pinza (hair clip) pelo suelto (hair down) pelo recogido (hair up)

clip (hair clip) loose hair (hair down) hair up (hair up)

sin afeitar (unbrushed)

unshaven (unbrushed)

mechon (highlight)

highlight

cortarme las puntas (just cut the ends)

just cut the ends

marcas de la cara

lunares (mole),

arrugas (wrinkles), patos de galo (crows feet)

wrinkles, crow's feet

espinillas/granos/acne (spots), manchas (spot) verrugas (wart),

pimples/pimples/acne (spots), spots (spot) warts,

cicatrices (scar),

scars,

ojeros (eye bags), bolsas (eye bags),

eye bags, eye bags,

patillas (side burns) perilla (goatee) canoso (grizzly)

sideburns, goatee, grizzly

tipos de cejas

cejijunto (unibrow), cejas poblados (bushy), cejas finas (thin eyebrows)

formas de ojos

redondo (round), almendrados (almond), achinados (monolid), rasginados (slanted) caidos (downturned), juntos (narrow set) separados (wide set) saltones (bug eyes) ojos claros (coloured) ojos oscuros (dark eyes)

los apuntes

notes

ser uña y carne

to be as thick as thieves

llegar a las manos

to come to blows

manosear

to handle, grope

palpar a alguien

to feel someone up

batidor

whisk

un albaricoque

apricot

zarzamora

blackberry

una frambuesa

raspberry

una ciruela

plum

una toronja

grapefruit

la alcachofa

artichoke

los guisantes/los chícharos

peas

el rabano

radish

la nata

cream

el cordero

lamb

las natillas

custard

la mostaza

mustard

charco

puddle

los auriculares

headphones

el relampago (accent on a)

lightning

el trueno

thunder

la niebla

fog

las aguanieve

sleet

la helada

frost

el granizo

hail

los arco iris

rainbow

treinta grados

30 degrees

despejado

clear (skies)

esta soleado/nublado/ventoso/neblina/niebla

its sunny/cloudy/windy/misty/foggy

calido o fresco

warm or cold weather

friolero

chilly

llovizna

drizzle

el terremoto

earthquake

la granizada

hailstorm

Truena

It's thundering

hace un frio que pela

it's freezing

la primavera la sangre altera

Spring is in the air.

Siempre que llovió, paró

Whenever it rained it stopped. (This too will pass).

Estoy sudando como un pollo

I'm sweating like a pig

sudoroso

sweaty

enchufado

well connected

el ojo derecho del profesor

teachers pet

hacerse tarde

to get late

se me hizo tarde

I'm running late

la edad del pavo

puberty

estar enfadado con

to be angry at/annoyed with

quedarse a gusto

to feel at ease

quedarse tranquilo

to stay calm

quedarse dormido

to fall asleep

suegro

father-in-law

quedar forms

to mean meet with someone no pronoun

to mean stay or verb of change with focus on result always takes pronoun

to mean stay or verb of change with focus on result always takes pronoun

hacerse as verb of change

- acquire a new essential characteristic

highlights the process of transition more than focus on the result

highlights the process of transition more than focus on the result

- work to acheive a result or new posession

- work to achieve a result or new possession

- future facing

- future facing

volverse as verb of change

- a new essential characteristic acquired, often unlikely to change

- emphasises the contrast with how things used to be and how they are now - past focussed

- emphasizes the contrast with how things used to be and how they are now - past focused

- also for permanent changes of state ie me has vuelto loco because viewed as permanent

- also for permanent changes of state ie you have driven me crazy because viewed as permanent

quedarse as verb of change

- change of state with focus on the result

- also used for aftermath and anticlimactic situations

- also used for aftermath and anticlimactic situations

ponerse as verb of change

- changes of state that are only likely to last a short amount of time/change

- often physical ie morada, enferma, guapa

- often physical ie purple, sick, pretty

- also to start doing something

- also to start doing something

what adjectives does quedarse take

viudo, huerfano, cojo, sordo, embarazada, sorprendido, atonito, dormido, helado

what adjectives does ponerse take

nervioso, contento, colorado, enfermo, en forma, guapo, gordo, moreno

what adjectives does volverse take

miedoso, desconfiado, loco, cariñoso, simpatico

what adjectives does hacerse take

mayor, grande, abogado, artista, socio, famoso, millonario, vegetariano, budista

sesgado

biased

estar hecho en pincel

to be smartly dressed

apoderarse de

to take possession of by force

corrumpido, corrupto

corrupted

resbalarse/deslizarse

to slip, slide

fundirse

to melt, merge

aferrar

grasp

emprender

to undertake, to begin

pomo

doorknob

las baldosas

tiles

una gorra

cap

un gorro

winter hat

bufanda

scarf

boina

beret

zapatos deportivos

trainers

mocasines

loafers

cazadora bomber/vaquera/motera

jacket bomber/denim/biker

sudadera

sweatshirt

traje de baño enterizo

one piece

bañador

swimming costume

camison

nightie

calzonzillos

boxers

ropa interior

underwear

sosten

bra

chaleco

vest

derritar

to melt, to defeat

derogar

to abolish, repeal

quitar/restar la importancia

to dismiss/remove importance

quitarse el acento

to get rid of your accent

piropo

flirtatious remark, catcall

estar a la altura

to be up to it

diapositiva

slide (powerpoint)

halagar

to flatter, to please

hacer cumplidos a alguien

to give compliments

ser for DOCTOR

Date

Occupation

Occupation

Characteristic

Characteristic

Time

Time

Origin

Origin

Relatuon (+price, where abstract takes place)

Relatuon (+price, where abstract takes place)

estar for PLACE

Position

Location

Location

Action

Action

Condition

Condition

Emotion (+group number when one missing)

Emotion (+group number when one missing)

ya que

because, due to

es de noche

it's night time (not estar)

no hacer caso de algo

to ignore something

al reves

upside down, inside out, backwards

ser lanzada

to be released

agresor

attacker

desconocer

to be unaware of

rubio

blonde

silbado

whistling

pegado

glued, skin tight

conseguir

to get, manage to

mi palabra contra la suya

my word against yours

Claviculas

collar bone

costillas

ribs

intestino delgado/grueso

intestine (small/large)

suelo pelvico

pelvic floor

Vejiga urinaria

bladder

what does aunque not take

present subjunctive, future, conditional

when does aunque take indicative

when we are presenting new information to our listener or information we want to highlight

When does aunque take the subjunctive?

1 to bring up information already mutually known/mentioned that we want to dismiss. 2 repeated action con valor del futuro

3 to speculate about unknown information, hypothetical or presented as such. - - to express an unlikely or impossible action takes imperfect subjunctive PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE CANNOT TAKE PAST (only imperfect, perfect and indicative can)

3 to speculate about unknown information, hypothetical or presented as such. - - to express an unlikely or impossible action takes imperfect subjunctive PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE CANNOT TAKE PAST (only imperfect, perfect and indicative can)

malvada

evil

vamos aprestadas

we're in a hurry

es decir

in other words

tendrá mucho dinero, pero no me regala nada

an oral version of aunque, contains an implied criticism (she may be rich, but she's not giving me anything)

how to express future with aunque

use subjunctive with the value of the future and a time phrase when its certain. when uncertain future takes imperfect subjunctive

crucigrama

crossword puzzle

desengaño

disappointment

despreciativo

disparaging, contemptuous

frustrante

frustrating, upsetting

contrastado

verified

sumar

to add up to, come to

impactar

impact; shock

pese a

in spite of, despite

objecion

objection

ajedrez

chess

inmutable

unchanging, immutable

what does present after aunque imply

that its a habitual action

damas

checkers

estimularse

stimulate

que conste

for the record

demorarse, retrasarse

to be delayed

haber ensayado

to have practised

atardecer

to get dark

chantajear

to blackmail

azafata

flight attendant

estafarse

to swindle

bajar(se) de

to get off of/out of (a vehicle)

cursar/inscribirse

to sign up

concretarse

to make/become more specific

acudir

to attend, to turn up

dotar

to equip, provide

presumir

to show off

pavonearse

to strut, to show off

asumir

to assume, take on

suponer

to suppose, to assume

dejarse creer

let myself believe

disimular

to hide, conceal

perderse

to miss (out)

oveja negra

black sheep of the family

facturar

to check in

estar a salvo de

to be safe from

moqueta

carpet

pillar con las manos en la masa

to catch red-handed, to catch in the act

por mucho que format

usually takes subjunctive because its a repeated action con valor del futuro

- takes verb or noun

- takes verb or noun

por mas que format

more inclined to take indicative because its a habitual action in the present

pesa a/a pesar de/pesa a que

more likely to take subjunctive

if aunque second clause has conditional what is in first clause?

imperfect subjunctive ie aunque estuviera aqui, no nos llamaría

if aunque is in past tense what can it take?

imperfect subjunctive if improbable,

perfect subjunctive if time period recent or unknown,

perfect subjunctive if time period recent or unknown,

preterite/imperfect if informing or a habitual action in the time period

preterite/imperfect if informing or a habitual action in the time period

la mandibula

jaw

la barbilla, el mentón

chin

el cuello/la garganta

neck / throat

hacerse de oro / forrarse

make a fortune

Apego ansioso evitativo

attachment styles

cachorro

puppy

desazón

uneasiness

desechar

to throw away, to discard

gozar

to enjoy; to take pleasure in

gotar

to drip

carecer

to lack, not have

tarear

to hum, to task

captar

to capture; to grasp

de ancho/largo

wide/tall

regir

to govern

me acerqué a esto

im drawn to this

certera

accurate

ahondar

to delve into, to deepen

transitar

to travel

desgraciado

unhappy, unfortunate

pizca

a pinch of

remojar

to soak, steep

empapar

to drench, to soak

encorvado

hunched, stooped

almacenar

to store, save

menguar

to diminish

trasvasar

to divert/transfer

transcurrir

to elapse

desempeñar

to hold (a position), to carry out

reclamar

to claim, demand

despejar

to clear up

derritar

to melt, to defeat

derrotar

to defeat, to beat

derogar

to abolish, repeal

derobar

to deprive

derrochar, despilfarrar, malgastar, desperdiciar

to waste, squander

desamarrar

to untie

desencadenar

to unleash, trigger

aborrotar

to fill up, pack

arrojar, tirar

to throw

patidifuso

gobsmacked (cooloq)

somero

superficial, shallow, not detailed

brindar

to toast, to offer

impudica

unchaste

estrechez

narrowness, hardship

el husar

cavalry

salpicar

to splash, sprinkle, taint

echar a perder

to ruin, spoil

desfigurar

to disfigure, distort

desatar

to trigger, to unleash

los cordones

shoelaces

los cordilleras

mountain ranges

plasmar su fascinación

capture her imagination

alumbrar (un hijo)

to illuminate (formal to give birth)

mimado/consentido

spoiled, pampered

flechazo

a crush

mordaz

scathing, caustic, biting/ sarcastic, ironic

encarnar

to embody, to personify

fulgurante

stunning, bright

no quiero cortar tu rollo

ruin your vibe

no te cortes

Don't be shy.

no se te da bien

its not a good look/ you cant pull that off

es un rollo

it is a drag

todo se iba a traste

it all went to pot

estar de bajon

to be on a comedown

ahora vengo

I'll be right back

estabamos muy unidos

we used to be close

fundir

to melt, merge

no te hagas ilusiones

don't get your hopes up

empezar a pillarlo

starting to get it

estado de ánimo

frame of mind, mood

me esta entrando ansiedad/hambre

im feeling anxious, hungry

a lo largo de

along, throughout

debio de ser esto

must have been it

ponerse en duda

to be put into question

como mucho

at most

quieres que sea honesta

honestly?

hasta ahora

See you soon

te vendria bien

that would do you well

que contrataque

what a come back

tirarse un pedo

to fart (vulgar)

terminar con alguien

to break up with someone

le da muchos vueltas a esos temas

she thinks about it a lot

un rodeo

detour

La cosa no es para menos

this is just what you would expect

la cosa no va por alli

its not like that

Que mala pinta tiene

it looks bad

ir pasadisimo

to be wasted

quitarse de encima

to get rid of

voy a ir tirando

ill get going

Hay mala leche

theres bad blood

a no sé donde

to who knows where

quedarse a cuadros

to be astonished

sería lo más

it would be sick

me flipa

i love, im crazy

estar en paro

to be unemployed

Se le fue la pinza

hes lost it

es un crack

hes really good

estar echado a perder

you're letting yourself go

a mi me lo suda

i couldnt give a toss

Nos vemos

See you later

en breve

shortly, briefly, in short

ser pesado

to be a pain

no me recuerdo bien

i cant remember

fue una pasada

It was amazing

ni se le ocurra

Don't even think about it!

Hasta que vuelva

until shes back

Como quieras

Whatever you want

a que vea

so she sees

sera de por vida

it will be for life

otorgar

to grant, to award

fecundar

to impregnate

la gestación subrogada

surrogate pregnancy

sufragar los gastos

to cover the costs

un cuenco/un tazón

bowl

sazonar, condimentar, aliñar, aderezar

season

picar

to chop, sting, mince

colar

to strain, filter

rodajear

slice

licuar/triturar

blend

pelar

to peel

la alacena/el gabinete

cupboard/pantry

los gabinetes

kitchen cabinets

las gavetas, los cajones

drawers

el mostrador/el encimera

countertop

el molinillo de café

coffee grinder

las tijeras

scissors

el pelador

peeler

el sacacorchos

corkscrew

el abrebotellas, el destapador

bottle opener

los cubiertos

cutlery (tenedor, cuchillo, cuchara)

el salero y el pimentero

salt shaker and pepper shaker

el cucharón

ladle

el rodillo de amasar

rolling pin

la prensa de ajo

garlic press

el frasco

jar

la bandeja de hielo

ice tray

aterrizar

to land; to touch down or to end up

pegajoso

sticky, catchy, infectious, clingy

pastoso/espeso

thick

polilla

clothes moth, bookworm

anidar

to nest, to dwell

recortado/recortar

to cut out, trim, crop or to be silhouetted

desanimado

discouraged, dull, depressed, bummed

desprovisto

devoid of, without

encajarse

to fit in

encogerse de hombros

to shrug

la medicación / la medicina

medication, medicine

sopesar

to weigh up, evaluate, weigh

fijo de casa