Murphy 03 Unit 7-8 Present perfect

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something has happened
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I've cut my finger
Droga jest zamknięta. Był wypadek
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The road is closed. There's been an accident
Policja aresztowała dwóch mężczyzn w związku z napadem
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Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery
Gdzie jest twój klucz? Nie wiem, zgubiłem go
a connection with now
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Where's your key I don't know, I've lost it
Powiedział mi, jak się nazywa, ale ja zapomniałem to
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He told me his name, but I've forgotten it
Czy Sally tu jest? Nie, ona wyszła
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Is Sally here? No, she's gone out
Nie mogę znaleźć mojej torby. Widziałeś ją?
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I can't find my bag. Have you seen it?
Czy jesteś głodny? Nie, właśnie zjadłem lunch
Present perfect with just, already, yet
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Are you hungry? No I've just had lunch
Witaj (halo). Czy właśnie przyjechałeś?
Just = a short time ago
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Hello. Have you just arrived?
Nie zapomnij wysłać listu. Już go wysłałem
We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected:
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Don't forget to send the letter. I've already sent it
O której Mark wyjeżdża? On już wyszedł
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What time does Mark leave? He has already gone
Czy już przestało padać?
Yet = until now. We use yet only in questions and negative sentences:
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Has it stopped raining yet?
Napisałem list, ale jeszcze go nie wysłałem
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I have written the letter but I haven't sent it yet
Jim jest na wakacjach. Wyjechał do Włoch
the difference between "gone" and "been"
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Jim is on holiday. He has gone to Italy
Jane jest teraz z powrotem w domu. Była we Włoszech
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Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy
Cena biletu autobusowego wzrosła
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The bus fare has gone up
Zapuścił brodę
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He has grown a beard
Poczekaj minutę! Jeszcze nie skończyłem
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Wait a minute! I haven't finished yet
już to zrobiłem
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I've already done it
Czy Linda wciąż jest w banku? Nie, właśnie wróciła
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Is Linda still at the bank? No, she just has came back
Właśnie byłam w sklepach. Kupiłam wiele rzeczy
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I've just been to the shops. I've bought lots of things
Tom wyszedł. Wróci za około godzinę
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Tom has gone out. He'll be back in about an hour
Byłeś kiedyś w Chinach? Tak, byłem dwa razy w Chinach.
... a period until now
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Have you ever been to China? Yes, I have been to China twice.
Czy jadłeś kiedyś kawior?
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Have you ever eaten caviar?
Nigdy nie mieliśmy samochodu
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We've never had a car
Czy czytałeś Hamleta?
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Have you read hamlet?
Nie, nie czytałem żadnej sztuki Szekspira
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No, I haven't read any Shakespeare plays
Susan uwielbia ten film. Widziała to osiem razy!
really love
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Susan really loves that film. She's seen it eight times!
To najbardziej nudny film, jaki kiedykolwiek widziałem
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This is the most boring movie I've ever seen
Nigdy nie byłem w Chinach, byłeś tam?
been to
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I've never been to China, have you been there?
Czy ostatnio słyszałeś coś od Briana?
a period that continues until now... recently
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Have you heard from Brian recently?
Spotkałem wielu ludzi w ciągu ostatnich kilku dni
in the last few...
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I've met a lot of people in the last few days
Wszystko idzie dobrze. Do tej pory nie mieliśmy żadnych problemów
so far
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Everything is going well. We haven't had any problems so far
Jestem głodny. Nic nie jadłem od śniadania
since...
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I'm hungry. I haven't eaten anything since breakfast
Dawno się nie widzieliśmy
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We haven't seen each other for a long time
Wypiłem dzisiaj cztery filiżanki kawy
with "today"
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I've drunk four cups of coffee today
Czy miałeś wakacje w tym roku?
with "this evening / this year..."
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Have you had a holiday this year?
Nie widziałem Toma dziś rano. A ty?
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I haven't seen Tom this morning. Have you?
Rob nie uczył się zbyt intensywnie do tego terminu.
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Rob hasn't studied very hard this term.
To pierwszy raz, kiedy prowadził samochód
first time sth has happened...
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It's the first time he has driven a car
Nigdy wcześniej nie prowadził samochodu
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He has never driven a car before
To już drugi raz się zdarzyło
Sarah znowu straciła paszport
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This is the second time this has happened
Sarah has lost her passport again
Bill ponownie dzwoni do swojej dziewczyny
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Bill is phoning his girlfriend again
Po raz trzeci zadzwonił do niej dziś wieczorem
Bill ponownie dzwoni do swojej dziewczyny
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That's the third time he's phoned her this evening
Bill is phoning his girlfriend again

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