semantics

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semantics
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study of language that deals with meaning
meaning
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a complex phenomenon which includes relationship between: 1. language and word, 2. language and mind of the speaker, 3. language and practical uses to which it is put
conceptual meaning
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literal meaning of the word
associative meaning
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meaning depending on the feeling and association the word invokes based on experience
semantics features
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eg. animate, human, female, adult
semantics roles
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roles that nouns play in the sentence
agent
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the entity that performs the action
theme
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entity that is affected by the action
instrument
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the entity that the action is performed with
experiencer
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entity that experiences emotional or sensory input
location
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a place
source
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where the action begins
goal
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where the action ends
lexical relations
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how the words are related
synonymy
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words with similiar meaning (almost/nearly, big/large)
antonymy
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words with opposite meanings (big/small, good/bad)
hyponymy
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relation of inclusion (meaning of one word is included in another) (creature-animal-dog)
prototype
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most characteristic example of category (pet=dog, bird=Sparrow)
homophones
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words that are written different but sound the same and have different meanings (bare/bear, meat/meet)
homonyms
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one form has several unrelated meanings (bat-an animal/bat-in sports)
polysemy
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one word has different but related meanings (head-part of body-at the top- head master)
metonymy
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word which is closely associated with another word (bottle-water, car-wheels)
collocation
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words that frequently go together (heavy rain)

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