TOLES Foundation 5A (Definitions)

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actionable per se
öğrenmeye başla
It means that the claimant does not need to provide proof of damage.
acts
öğrenmeye başla
Things that I actively do
court transcripts
öğrenmeye başla
These are the documents that record what happened in court.
defamation
öğrenmeye başla
It means saying or writing something negative about someone
deterrent
öğrenmeye başla
It is something that persuades a person not to behave in a certain manner.
false imprisonment
öğrenmeye başla
To keep someone in a certain place without that person’s permission
heads of tort
öğrenmeye başla
Lawyers refer to categories of tort as ‘heads of tort’.
negligence
öğrenmeye başla
It is when you cause harm to another person if you were not careful enough.
negligent conduct
öğrenmeye başla
It is behaviour that may lead to harm.
nuisance
öğrenmeye başla
It means to interfere with someone’s enjoyment of his or her land.
objective
öğrenmeye başla
It means not influenced by your own feelings when you have to decide something.
omissions
öğrenmeye başla
These are the things that I do not do, although I have a duty to do them.
proof of damage
öğrenmeye başla
It means that the defendant must prove in court that the defendant’s conduct caused him harm.
reasonably foreseeable
öğrenmeye başla
It means that the results of my conduct are predictable. Something that I anticipate might happen as a result of my conduct.
remedy
öğrenmeye başla
It is something that compensates me for my loss or that stops the harm from happening.
remote damage
öğrenmeye başla
It means that that harm was not reasonably foreseeable. Usually the claimant is not entitled to redress for remote damage.
subjective
öğrenmeye başla
It means influenced by your own, personal feelings and opinions. Not objective.
the tort of assault
öğrenmeye başla
To make someone afraid that I will physically hurt them
the tort of battery
öğrenmeye başla
To actually hurt someone in a physical way
the tort of libel
öğrenmeye başla
It means publishing the defamatory statement in a permanent form, for example in a book or in a video
to redress
öğrenmeye başla
It means to correct something that is unfair, usually by putting the claimant back in the position that he or she was in before the negligent conduct happened.
to trespass
öğrenmeye başla
To interfere with something or someone, or to do something that causes harm.
tort
öğrenmeye başla
Conduct that causes harm to another person is referred to as a tort.
trespass to land
öğrenmeye başla
It means to go onto someone’s land without this person’s permission.

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