Week 4 Logic

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What is Modus Ponens rule?
öğrenmeye başla
if this then that or " if X then Y" is true and "X" is true => so "Y " must be true
What is a proposition?
öğrenmeye başla
A declarative statement that is either true or false but not both.
what is => mean?
öğrenmeye başla
implies; if ... then
what are the propositional variables?
öğrenmeye başla
Each propositional variable has one of two truth values: true or false
what is a compound statment?
öğrenmeye başla
A compound statement is a sentence that consists of two or more statements separated by logical connectors.
what is the negation (not) connective symbol?
öğrenmeye başla
¬
what is the conjunction (and) connective symbol?
öğrenmeye başla
^
What is the disjunction (or) connective symbol)
öğrenmeye başla
What is the disjunction (or) connective  ingilizce
V
what is the connective symbol for implication (if-then)
öğrenmeye başla
-> or =>
What is the biconditional (if and only if) connective symbol?
öğrenmeye başla
<=> or <->
what order are connective symbols considered in?
öğrenmeye başla
1) brackets, 2) negation, 3) conjunction dissjunctive, 4) implication bicnditional
what is a tautology statement?
öğrenmeye başla
true for all possible values of its propositional variables is called a tautolog
what is a contradiction statment
öğrenmeye başla
false for all possible values of its propositional variables is called a contradiction
what is the symbol for logical equivalence?
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define logical equivalent
öğrenmeye başla
Two statements are said to be logically equivalent,≡, if they have identical truth values for each possible value of their statement variables. (Corresponds to = with numbers)
define commutative law
öğrenmeye başla
refers to moving stuff around. For addition, the rule is "a + b = b + a"; in numbers, this means 2 + 3 = 3 + 2. For multiplication, the rule is "ab = ba"; in numbers, this means 2×3 = 3×2.
define distributive law
öğrenmeye başla
"multiplication distributes over addition". Formally, they write this property as "a(b + c) = ab + ac". In numbers, this means, for example, that 2(3 + 4) = 2×3 + 2×4.
define de morgans law
öğrenmeye başla
The complement of the union of two sets is equal to the intersection of their complements and the complement of the intersection of two sets is equal to the union of their complements.
conditional statement consists of two parts, a hypothesis the “if” clause and conclusion the “then” clause. For instance “If it rains, then they cancel school.” "It rains" is the hypothesis. "They cancel school" is the conclusion. what is the converse?
öğrenmeye başla
To form the converse of the conditional statement, interchange the hypothesis and the conclusion. The converse of "If it rains, then they cancel school" is "If they cancel school, then it rains."
conditional statement consists of two parts, a hypothesis the “if” clause and a conclusion the “then” clause. For instance, “If it rains, then they cancel school.” "It rains" is the hypothesis. "They cancel school" is the conclusion. what is the inverse
öğrenmeye başla
To form the inverse of the conditional statement, take the negation of both the hypothesis and the conclusion. The inverse of “If it rains, then they cancel school” is “If it does not rain, then they do not cancel school.”
CHANGE ME
öğrenmeye başla
To form the contrapositive of the conditional statement, interchange the hypothesis and the conclusion of the inverse statement. The contrapositive of "If it rains, then they cancel school" is "If they do not cancel school, then it does not rain
define sufficient condition
öğrenmeye başla
a condition that must be satisfied for a statement to be true and without which the statement cannot be true
define necessary condition
öğrenmeye başla
a condition that must be present for an event to occur. A sufficient condition is a condition(s) that will produce the event. A necessary condition must be there, but it alone does not provide sufficient cause for the occurrence of the event.

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